In three studies, 235 women chatted with men who had received or not received a tutorial on how to handle speed-dating chats. The tutorial-trained men felt more confident going into the chats, and the women perceived those men to be higher in confidence, status, and dominance, the study showed. "Social confidence is trainable … and can impact the outcomes of social interactions," said lead author SMU Associate Professor of Psychology Norman Li. SMU Associate Professor of Psychology Tsai Ming-Hong is also amongst the study's authors.