Commenting on bullying and teenage aggression in Singapore schools, SMU Associate Professor of Psychology (Education) Andree Hartanto said research has shown that cyber-bullying victims are likely to become cyber-bullying perpetrators in the future. He said, “Unlike traditional bullying, which often involves physical disparities – where stronger children or adolescents target physically weaker ones – cyber bullying occurs in the digital realm. This lack of physical confrontation allows victims to become bullies more easily themselves, as they are no longer hindered by physical disadvantage.” Assoc Prof Hartanto also explained how bullying can leave emotional scars, and said that tackling the root causes of bullying requires a multi-faceted approach that addresses both the individual needs of the bully and the broader social context in which bullying occurs.